5 thoughts on “Materials of folk customs and folk customs”
Marian
1 The 56 ethnic customs in China 1. Mongolian: Mongolian Mongolians are mainly engaged in animal husbandry production, and some are also engaged in agriculture. In pastoral areas, the Mongolian people live in a round felt house, commonly known as the "Mongolian bag". The door of the Mongolian bag must be opened south, and the stove is located under the middle sunrors in the middle of the felt room. In the agricultural and pastoral areas, the Mongolian people live in bungalows, and there are soil in the room. 2. Hui people: In history, from birth, they must ask Ah to return to their names. When they get married, they ask Ah to prove marriage. After death, they are invited to preside over the funeral. They are affected by Islam in all aspects. Especially in terms of eating habits, returning to the people to avoid eating pork, not eating all the animals and self -dying animals, etc. (For the convenience of religious activities and living customs, the return of the people is used to the "worship temple" in the residence, and in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties It is collectively referred to as the mosque and live in Duowei Temple. In the diet, the Hui people generally eat cow, sheep, camel and other anti -ravioli ranges. Animals. Especially fasting pork. The Hui people pay attention to diet hygiene and pay attention to showering and washing. Entering the clean and neat houses of the Hui people in the countryside, a water can often be seen on the beam of the door. People often bathe in a large place. Usually wash and wash their hands, use soup bottle instead of a washbasin. The soup bottle is also known as the pot laundering. It was first introduced from Arabia. There are "soup bottle" halal wooden cards, and some are still "Fan F" Fan Fed "Tiger Picture White" stick or Avin's "halal" to show that this is an authentic Islamic culture. The Eid and Gurbang Festival, originally Islamic. The fasting is one of the "five skills" of Muslims. The Eid of Eid is the day when the fasting period is expired. Generally, the fasting and fasting period expires in the ninth month of the return calendar. Eid. On the 70th day after Eid, the Gurbon Festival was held on December 10th. Because December 10th is the last day of teaching to go to the Macca Chao, everyone slaughtered cattle and sheep celebrations, dinner together. R n. Tibetan mainly lives in Tibet Autonomous Region and Tibetan autonomous prefectures such as Haibei, Huangnan, Guoluo, Yushu, and Haixi Mongolian, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu, Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Sichuan Aba Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture , Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Tibetan Tibetan Autonomous County, Tibetan Autonomous County, and Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan. Boots. 4. Miao men generally wear pairing or left large short clothes, trousers underneath, big belt, and green long towels. Most women wear big collar short clothes and pleated skirts. Miao people in the mountains. Most of the residential buildings are "hanging foot buildings". It is supported by the natural terrain of the hillside. The support of longer and shorter wooden stakes is erected below and above, and the building is paved on the pile. Guanjia livestock. 5. The Achang people wearing blue, white or black plackets, black pants, and left large placket tops. The tea altar is prevalent in the etiquette of the hospitality. This is a kind of pottery appliance for tea. When you go to the Achang family, the owner will first take out the jug to pour a small cup of wine to wash the dust, and then take out the tea altar. Put the tea leaves, pour boiling water, put it on the charcoal fire for a while, and pour it into the tea cup after cooking. , I am used to pressing my right hand in the center of the front chest, and then Lead forward and ask in a row. The visitors at home are enthusiastically entertaining. Uyghur people are a nation that can sing and dance. 7. Kazakh men and women are good at ride. Young men like wrestling and tricky sheep. Whenever festivals and festivals, shepherds will hold various riding performances and competitions; "girls chase" are young people's favorite entertainment projects. 8. The traditional costumes of Korgiz are very particular. Men like to wear felt hats, round neck shirts with white embroidered lace, black and blue "袷袢" in winter, wide pants, and high boots. 9. Walls around the villages of the Xibo people. Avoid dog meat.
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10. The traditional costumes of the Uzbek tribe are characterized by all kinds of small flower hats. 11. The Tajik family is generally three generations of the same hall, and men are the master of the family. 12. In order to prevent the deterioration of food, each warehouse or in the courtyard is dug a deep pit. In the summer, it is easy to rot food and put it in snow and ice in winter. ", The Tatal people in the pastoral area adapt to nomadic life and live in tents. 13. The biggest festival of the Daur tribe is the Spring Festival. On the 30th of the lunar month, we will worship the ancestors and grave, and play overnight at night. pay a New Year call. 14. The Manchu people believe in Shamanism very early. Whenever they worship their ancestors and sacrifice, they must wear a god hat, wear skirts, tie waist bells, swollen and dance, and pray while jumping. The Manchu people are reunited. For a period of time, the juniors have three days and a little gift to the elderly, a gift for five days; three days see the elders who want to ask for, and see the elders for five days to "play a thousand." 15. The traditional foods of Korean people include cold noodles, kimchi and cakes. 16. The Zhuang people like to eat pickled sour foods, with sashimi as a dish. Women have the habit of chewing betel nut. 17. The Yi man usually wore a black narrow -sleeved right diagonal shirt and polymer wide trousers, and packed with a few feet long green cloth. The woman's head is wrapped in Baotou, with a waist and belt. When men and women go out, they all wear "Wipe Elva", shaped like capes, and have long ears. The traditional festival of the Yi nationality is the most solemn with a torch festival. Silver jewelry such as items, hands, foot circles. Men wear the right plagiard and multi -button. The clothing is mostly used for soil cloth or linen, and the history books are called creek cloth and 峒 cloth. 19. Buyi: Men are mostly wearing multi -plackets or gown, blue or white or white blue square scarf. Most women wear right big plackets and trousers, or inlaid with lace gown, or embroidered waist, and also wearing large -collars and short jackets, with waxy pleated skirts. During the festival, women also wore various silver jewelry. Laran was a precious handicraft of the Buyi people. . The Dai nationality: The Drum Tower is a unique building in the Dai Village, which looks like a pagoda. It is a place for villagers' gatherings, rest and entertainment. There are drum buildings in each village, and some are as high as 13 floors, which are quite spectacular. On the New Year's Eve, the people of the Dai people lived in the square in front of the Drum Tower to sing and dance. 1. Bai's clothing is mainly blue, white, and black. They like to eat sour, cold, spicy food, and also like to drink tea. The Bai people believe in Buddhism, and the temples of Erhai Lake are allocated. 2. Most Hani people believe in worship of many gods and worship of their ancestors, and use "Dragon Tree" as protecting God. The knotted ropes were used as ledger, which was treasured by Hannians in the safest place at home. In 1957, the Hani nationality created text based on Latin letters. 3. The Li nationality lives in the "End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End." This is a nation that can sing and dance. Qianling double -sword dance, firewood dance, and rice dance have a unique ethnic style.
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24. The clothes of the alpine tribe are mainly made of hemp cloth and cotton cloth. Generally men wear shawls, vests, short gowns, shorts. Women wearing short shirts, apron, and tilted shirts under the shoulder to the armpit, stabbed tattoos on the clothes, and wear decorations made of shells and beast bones. The people of Takayama can sing and dance, and are good at sculpting and painting. 25. Naxi funerals are generally burial. In traditional festivals, the larger on February 8th festivals and torch festivals. 26. The most representative of aquarium clothing is women's clothing. The top is a tight narrow long -sleeved right placket, with a lace on the edge of the placket, which is similar to the "sisters" of the Han nationality, but the sleeves are long and narrow. Short and tightly distinguish between the "sisters" of the Han nationality. 7. Yao Yao young men and women are more free before marriage. Steaks generally appear in festivals and marriage activities. Young men and women in the farmer season or relatives must also perform their singing activities. 8. The traditional festival of the Laupu nationality is the "Gourd Festival" of the 15th to 17th of each year of the lunar calendar. During the moon, the grains were "tasted new festivals". 9. Some social morality that the Lang people have complied with generations. Here, the ideal social situation of the night that the night is not closed for Taoist Lao Tzu is a behavior that has long been deeply integrated into the blood of the people. Code. There are two main contents of the activity of the knife festival, one is "down the sea of fire", and the other is "upper knife mountain". 30. Nu clan: The village is mostly distributed on the mountainside platform on both sides of the Nujiang River. Lengfang, Qianfeng floor -to -ceiling houses, etc., the roof house of Shi Shi is a characteristic house built with special stone resources in the region. The diet of the Nu family is relatively simple, but there are also unique flavors such as self -brewing, "chivalry", slate, lacquer tea and other unique flavors. National characteristic food. 31. The Brown people like bamboo rice rice and various non -staple foods, vegetables, meat. Food stacks, all kinds of southern and sour tea made by unique methods. All kinds of insects in it. 32. Hezhe people -New Year's Eve, everyone is busy making New Year's meals, cutting window flowers, paste lanterns. On the first day, girls, women and children put on new clothes with embroidered clouds, go Relatives and relatives pay the New Year, and use the "fish banquet" to wait for guests. There are hot and sour flavors of raw fish, "fried fish hair" with crispy flavor and crispy flavor. Folk poets presented poetry and storytelling to people. Women play "Touch "Blind", "Throwing Bone". Young people play skiing, skating, grass targets, fork and grass balls and other competitions. 33. Olechun people -New Year's Eve, the whole family sits, dinner together. Drink wine and eat New Year. Young people salute the family and close relatives, and invite the head. In midnight, people hold the birch bark box or iron box around the horse for several laps, and pray for the prosperity of the six animals. Young men and women gathered together to switch to collective dance. There are hunting dance, "red fruit" dance, "black bear fighting" dance. Wearing pants "and" dressing in skirts ". 35. There are more paintings and sculptures in the Dai people. Although relatively rough, it is full of early human aesthetic ideals. Painting is found on the wall of the big houses, and uses it. Use it. Carbon black, lime, beef blood paint, patterns include animals, characters, and landscapes. The painting method is rough and concise. The style is similar to the Cangyuan cliff paintings that have been found in the Dai area for more than 3,000 years. Most of them are placed on the door of the door and village piles.
4 36. The Beijing family -must be worshiped by the first day of the good candle, called "buy new water", Tibetan women in the beginning One day is not bright, and you must memorize the "auspicious water" from the river. It is believed that the new water of the first year can bring the gospel and good luck, and to protect the auspiciousness for one year. During the Spring Festival, fighting the earth to show the love of raising your own land. 38. The Qiang nationality -each household must make all kinds of fried flour calfs, lambs, chicks and other sacrifices, It is used to sacrifice the ancestors and the gods. You have to drink wine for the New Year. r n 39. Jing Po clan -held a "target" competition during the Spring Festival. In the early morning of the morning, people gathered on the field. The girls hung their embroidered lotus bags on the top of the bamboo pole. The scorer shot the thin lines of the crane bag as a gunner, and the girls rewarded the gunner a bowl of sweet rice wine. 40. The uniqueness of the Dion women's clothing is decorated with "vine wrapped waist". 41. The customs and habits of the security people are obviously bound by Islamic trainers. Marriage is selected in "Lord Ma Day". 42. The "Schang Festival" of the Tattar tribe, also known as "Plide" 43. The Cirkiz: The biggest festival in the year of the Kurkiz is the Norizi Festival. There are also part of the belief Lama religion. 44. Many traditional festivals of the Tajik nationality are basically the same as the local Uighurs, Uzbek, and Korkizi people. 45. The general believers of the Jingpo family are primitive, and some people believe in Christianity. 46. The Dulong people have the habit of eating two meals a day. Caqua wow is held one day of the winter month (different time in various places). The length of the holidays is often determined by the amount of food preparation 47. The customs of the Russian Russians are basically the same as the Russian Russia in Russia. Essence 48. The Yugu people are mainly animal husbandry. In the past, not only did they live in felt tents, clothes, shoes and socks, meat and milk they were eaten, and most of the utensils used in production and life were also made of fur. Now, some people have changed to agricultural production. The Yugu people mainly believe in the Lama Enthusiastic Gelug (Huang religion). 49. The taboos of the Sara tribe are: Avoid eating pork, dog meat, donkey meat, meat meat, and blood of dead livestock poultry meat and animals; Mosque; 50. The Gelao people are ancient Chinese "bureaucrats". The Gelao people like to eat spicy food. There are many ways to eat. Therefore, the Xibo people enjoys the reputation of the "archery nation". They can sing and dance. 5 52. Laju belief in Mahayana Buddhism and Christianity. Folk literature is also extremely rich. Traditional musical instruments include "Lusheng" and "Three Strings". In addition to planting grain, the Lapa people also vigorously plant sugar cane, tea, coffee, and rubber. Founded ironmaking, agricultural machinery, mining, etc. Among them, Lancang Leading Mine is a well -known large enterprise in the province. 53. The Kano family is sincere. In the folk, the custom of "eating and eating", that is, after capturing the prey, anyone who sees the capture can be divided into one. You can eat until you finish. The same is true of drinking. As long as the guests do not put a cup, the owner must accompany it to the end. 54. The Luoba nationality: Luoba, the Tibetan name to them, means southerners. Believe in witch education. Mainly engaged in agriculture, also hunted, good at archery. 55. Dai nationality: When there are guests to the door, they must first pay tea, and usually drink two. There is a saying: "Drinking a bowl of tea is ruthless tea." There is also a saying: "One bowl of bitter, two bowls, and three bowls of washing their mouths." As long as the guests take the master's tea, they must drink a second bowl. If the guests are thirsty, they can be explained in advance until they are satisfied. If the coming is a female guest, the owner will also put snacks such as melon seeds, peanuts, fried beans. 56. The Han nationality has different styles due to different regions. The Han nationality living in the North China Plain is mostly bungalows with brick and wood structures, and the courtyard is mostly courtyard -style, represented by Beijing Courtyard. The houses there are generally thick, mainly to keep warm; the Han people living in northern Shaanxi, based on the thick soil layer of the Loess Plateau and the low groundwater level, digging caves as housing. Area; Han people living in the south, their traditional houses are mainly wooden houses, and they pay attention to the structure of the eaves and the law. Due to the different customs and natural conditions in the south, there are also differences in housing building layout. For example, the buildings of the hills and mountains are built in the mountains, while the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Water Village pays attention to the front street and the river. The Tulou in Fujian is huge and beautiful, and the pavilion in Suzhou is small and beautiful. Regardless of the Han nationality in the south or the north, the common characteristics of its traditional residences are north and south, paying attention to indoor lighting; bearing wooden beams, brick, stone, and soil -building walls; centered on the hall house, carved beams and paintings, decorative roofs, eaves and mouth mouths See
The last night of the lunar calendar year. Except for the old cloth. On the last day of one year, it is called "years old", and that night is called "New Year's Eve". New Year's Eve people often sleep overnight, called Shou Sui. Su Shi has "Shou Sui": "Children do not sleep, and stay at the night." There is a legend about the origin of New Year's Eve: it was a fierce monster in ancient times, and our ancestors had suffered this most fierce beast. Threat, it comes out at the end of the year. Later, people discovered that they were afraid of three things, red colors, fire light, and sounds. So in the winter, people hung red peach boards on their own door, burned the fire at the door, and did not sleep overnight at night. On this night, "Xi" broke into the village, saw that every family had red and fire, heard the sound of the earthquake, scared back to the mountains, and never dared to come out again. The night passed, and people congratulated each other. Everyone opened the lights, drank banquets, and celebrated victory. So in the evening of the 30th, every family posted a red spring couplet and set off firecrackers to drive the New Year's Eve beast. In order to seek a new year of peace. This custom has been passed down from here, and it is called New Year's Eve. New Year's Eve is one of the most important years of customs. The earliest records were found in the "Turks" at the Western Jin Dynasty: New Year's Eve, each phase and gift, called "feedback"; invited wine and food, called "do not age"; "Divide the age"; everyone does not sleep all night, so as to wait for the sky, it is called "Shou Sui". "Doubles in one night, five more days, two days." On New Year's Eve, the whole family was reunited, had dinner, ordered candles or oil lamps, chatted next to the stove, waiting for the time to quit the old and welcomed the new, overnight The night guarding is a symbol of running away all the evil plague disease photos, looking forward to the new year's auspiciousness. This custom was gradually prevalent. By the early Tang Dynasty, Tang Taizong Li Shimin wrote a poem "Shou Sui": "The cold resign from winter snow and warm the spring breeze." To this day, people are still used to welcoming the new year on New Year's Eve. In ancient times, there were two meanings: the elderly guarded the old age as "resigning the old age", which had the meaning of cherishing time; young people guarded the year to extend their parents' life. Since the Han Dynasty, the old and new year alternately are generally midnight. Wefs are not the same: there are such legends in rural Yunnan: children at 30 years. grown ups. Essence Those who can't sleep, that is, everyone can't sleep all night, so as to wait for the sky, it is called "Shou Sui". The difference is why you can't sleep? Adults usually say to children: If you fall asleep the second year of the field, you will fall. Essence Let the sleeping people repair it! It seems that if you don't sleep, you won't fall if you don't sleep! (Yunnan Customs) The Chinese folk has a "open door firecracker". That is, when the new year arrives, the first thing that every family opens the door is to set up firecrackers, and to welcomes the new with the sound of the firecrackers of beeping. Firecrackers are Chinese specialty products, also known as "explosive battles", "artillery battles", "firecrackers". Its origin is very early, and it has a history of more than 2,000 years. Fleeping bamboo can create a festive and lively atmosphere. It is a kind of entertainment activity of festivals, which can bring joy and auspiciousness to people. Over time, the application of firecrackers is becoming more and more widely used, and there are many varieties of flowers. Every major holiday and happy event celebrations, and marriage, house construction, opening, etc., the firecrackers must be set up to celebrate the celebration and auspicious. Now, Liuyang, Hunan, Foshan and Dongyao, Guangdong, Yichun and Pingxiang in Jiangxi, and Wenzhou, Zhejiang are the famous hometown of flowers in China. They have a lot of popcorn and high quality, which not only sells well, but also sells the world. In ancient agricultural society, about the eighth day of the lunar month, housewives have been busy with Zhang Luo's food for the New Year. Because of the long time of pickled waxy flavor, it is necessary to prepare as soon as possible. Many provinces in my country have the custom of pickling waxy flavor, and the flavor of the Lami of Guangdong Province is the most famous. steaming rice cakes, rice cakes because of the "high year", coupled with a variety of flavors, have almost become a must -have food for every family. The patterns of rice cakes have block -like yellow and old cakes, which symbolize gold and silver, and send the meaning of making a fortune in the New Year. The taste of the year varies from place to place. Beijingers prefer the red dates, Park fruit rice cakes and Beltas cakes made of Jiangmi or yellow rice. People from Hebei like to add jujube, small red beans and mung beans to rice cakes. In north of Shanxi, in Inner Mongolia and other places, during the Chinese New Year, they are used to eating yellow rice noodles and fried rice cakes. The rice cake in the north is mainly sweet, or steamed or fried, and some people simply eat sugar. The rice cakes in the south are sweet and salty. For example, the rice cakes in Suzhou and Ningbo are made of japonica rice. In addition to steaming and frying, you can also sliced and fried or boiled soup. The sweet rice cakes are glutinous rice flour and white sugar, lard, rose, osmanthus, mint, Su Rong and other ingredients. The workmanship is fine and can be steamed directly or fried with egg white. The night before the Chinese New Year is called reunion night, the travelers who are away from home are not far away, and the whole family must sit around and make dumplings together for the New Year. The method of dumplings is to make dumplings with noodles first. Skin, and then fill the stuffing with leather. The content of the filling is diverse. Various meats, eggs, seafood, seasonal vegetables can be entered. Orthodox dumplings are cooked in water. The soy sauce of the last and sesame oil is eaten with condiments. There are also ways to fried dumplings, babble dumplings (pot stickers) and so on. Because the word "harmony" of the noodles means "combination"; the "dumplings" and "intercourse" harmonics of dumplings, "combination" and "intercourse" have the meaning of gathering together, so use dumplings to symbolize the gathering of gatherings; The meaning of Jiaizi is very auspicious; in addition, dumplings are like ingots, and eating dumplings during the New Year also have the auspicious meaning of "recruiting wealth into treasure". The family gathered together to make dumplings. The origin of the Spring Festival The Spring Festival is the most distinctive traditional festival in China. It marks the end of the old lunar calendar. The original name of the Spring Festival "New Year's Day", Du Taiqing in the Sui Dynasty said in the "Five Candle Treasures": "The first month is Duanyue, one day is the Yuan Dynasty, the Yunzheng Dynasty, and Yun Yuanshuo." The original meaning is "head", and later extended to "start", because this day is the first day of one year, the first day of spring, the first day of the first month, so it is called "three yuan"; because this day is still the age of The dynasty, the dynasty, is also known as the "three dynasties"; and because it is the first day, it is also called "Yuan Shuo". Song Wu Zimu explained in "Dream Liang Lu": "The first month is the day, it is called New Year's Day." The interpretation of the word "Dan" in "Said the Words" is "see one from the day, one, and the place." It means that the sun has just risen from the horizon, which means morning. Because it represents the first morning of the year and the first morning of the first month, it is called "New Year's Day" and "Zhengdan". The season of New Year's Day is also different due to the different generations of the dynasties. The ancient Chinese calendar is the joint calendar of the yin and yang. It is necessary to consider the position of the sun and the moon at the same time. Therefore, when it is determined, it is necessary to first determine that it is in a certain season, and then select the Shouyue that is similar to this season as New Year's Day. Because the one -year -old and 12 lunar calendars are not equal to each other, the difference is about 11 days, so a leap month is required to adjust the season every three years. The ancient astronomers in China have thought of a simple way to judge the relationship between the monthly sequence and season. From the north to east, the ground is divided into 12 positions. The orientation of the fighting handle referred to in the evening is the monthly construction of the month. Essence This is an ancient multi -ethnic country. Different ethnic groups in different historical periods once determined their New Year's Day based on their cultural traditions and customs, that is, to be changed to "Zhengshuo", and the time of the first day of the month. Emperor Emperor and Xia Dai are based on Meng Chun's first month. Even if Jianyin's summer calendar, the first day of the first day of the lunar calendar is the New Year's Day; Jianzhengzi is the New Year's Day on the first day of November of the lunar calendar; the Qin Dynasty used the Qin calendar, the Qin calendar was built, and the New Year's Day was on the first day of the lunar calendar. Sima Qian and Luo Shima created too early calendar, and re -used Jianyin's summer calendar, with the first day of the first day of the lunar calendar. In the future, except for Wang Mang and Emperor Wei Ming, they used the ugly Yinli, and Tang Wuhou and Su Zongshi switched to Jianzi's weekly calendar, and each dynasty used the summer calendar to the end of the Qing Dynasty. The word "Spring Festival" has different special refers in different historical periods. During the Han Dynasty, people called the first spring of the twenty -four solar terms. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people called the whole spring "Spring Festival". In after the victory of the 1911 Revolution, the Nanjing Interim Government stipulated that the summer calendar in the people, in order to "follow the agricultural time" and "easy statistics", and implement the Gregorian calendar in government agencies, factories, mines, schools and groups. New Year. However, most people call the Gregorian January 1st as the "Lord of the solar calendar", and it is still called "New Year's Day" on the first day of the first day of the lunar month. On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference passed the Gregorian calendar in the world, and the Gregorian calendar was the New Year's Day of January, as the New Year; Before and after the beginning of the spring, the first month of the lunar calendar must be "Spring Festival". The Spring Festival generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month. However, in the folk, the Spring Festival in the traditional sense refers to the dwarfs of the eighth day of the lunar month or the sacrifice of the 23rd of the lunar month until the fifteenth day of the first month, among which the first day of the New Year and the first month of the first month is the climax. During the traditional festival of the Spring Festival, the Han and most ethnic minorities in our country had various activities to celebrate. These activities are the main contents of worshiping gods and Buddhas, sacrificing their ancestors, removing the old cloth, welcoming the blessing, and praying for the prosperity. The activities are colorful and have strong national characteristics.
Taohuayuan took over the top five streams, and the lower Wuling was legend. They work on their own in this isolated place, breed their children and grandchildren, and become a feng shui. So far, the folk customs of the ancient flutter still show her past feelings as a blessed land.
The peach blossom source has the Qin people cave, and there is a village named Sanhe Village in the Qinren Cave. There are dozens of households in Sanhe Village. Most of them are surnamed Qin, so the village is also called Qinren Village. Are these villagers surnamed Qin who are descendants of the ancient Qin people who entered the cave to avoid chaos? No one can do specific research. Anyway, a "Qin" character runs ancient and modern. Their clothing, food, housing and transportation customs are indeed different from today's modern society.
clothes: The people's clothing here was all weaving soil. Each family has a spinning vehicle, weaving machine, self -produced cotton, and self -woven. The weaving soil cloth is dyed with plant dyes or blue or gray or purple. Most of the clothes are made of their own, and the dyed soil cloth is cut into slices, and it is hand -connected by hand. There are also tailors of on -site clothes, a gray bag, a few needles, a few necklines, and a pair of raw iron irons with small aluminum pot today are all their tools. The style of the clothes is a man's seal. The woman is a large piece of clothing, a colorful cloth buckle, the pants are all big crotch pants, the waist of 4 feet of large pants, copy a fold in front of the belly, and then tie the cloth belt. Nowadays, the clothes of young people in the village are almost the same as outsiders, but many elderly people are still wearing pairs, large clothes, and crotch pants. However, the fabric of the elderly's clothes is no longer weaving, but to choose from the market. Go to the village to find wooden cars and weaving. Although these are idle, they also show history. Even today, a sewing machine is generally used, there is still a tailor tailor in the village.
The food: Of course, the staple rice is the same as the villagers outside the cave. The "food" referred to here is a tool for processing rice. Qin entered the villagers in the village. The tools for processing rice were discs, stone, and windmills. The plate is round, with two upper and lower fans. The lower fan is fixed on the wooden frame, and there is a hard wood shaft in the middle. The upper and lower friction surfaces are regularly embedded with many hardwood slices as teeth, and the teeth are rammed to fix the teeth between the teeth. The role of the plate is to remove the shell to the thick shell. When processing with a dish, pile the rice shells in the capsule of the upper shell, push the upper fan with manpower, friction of the rice shell through wood tooth tooth, and sprinkle the coarse -shell brown rice from the gap between the top and bottom surface. Brown rice becomes cooked rice after being processed by Shijia. Most of the rice that villagers eat today are machine processing, but there are still workshops in the village that can process rice for villagers. Indeed, some villagers originally used mules and stone piles to process rice in the workshop. They (especially the elderly) believed that this was softest than machine processing rice flavor.
Line: The former villagers' houses were full of bamboo fence huts. The huts are built around the mountains, and each independent is indeed "two chickens and dogs." The house is simple in the house. The stone plate is a stool, the wooden board is fighting as the bed. Today, the hut is replaced by the wooden house. The wooden houses are all small green tiles and white powder walls, and they still have ancient heritage. Although every family has a TV and refrigerators, the dissected reed scoop is the same.
: Although the Qinren Village is close to the national road, the village does not connect the roads. These 阡 Mo on the pastoral transportation and pastoral on the countryside is not said to be superior to cement and asphalt roads, but there are indeed there are also there are also there is Its advantages. It shows the green taste and dirt and moisture of the grass, and the barefoot steps on it to make people feel warm, and it makes people feel the beating of the earth's pulse.
(2) "Different winds, different customs of thousands of miles". Each place has different characteristics. Today, let me take everyone into the Guangdong Folk Folk Customs Grand View Garden! Herbal tea Cantonese loves to drink herbal tea. It believes that herbal tea is a body insurance company. If you have sick clothes, you can cure diseases. If an adult does not drink a few cups of herbal tea within a month (mostly Wang Laoji), infants and young children do not accept seven-star tea once for 2-3 days, they think that physical health is not guaranteed. The root water of bamboo cane is one of the herbal tea in Guangdong. The commonly used Wuhua tea, Xia Sangju, Wang Laoji and other herbal tea are composed of drugs of cold and cold. It is suitable for stagnation such as colds and headaches and fever. Among them, Wang Laoji's medicine is the coldest, and the five -flowering tea and Xia Sangju are relatively peaceful. Children's Qixing Tea is composed of a drug with a sweet and cold cold current. It is suitable for those who are strong in constitution, have always been strong, often swollen and sore throat, dry stool, red tongue and yellow greasy tongue. However, the only outsiders who drink herbal tea are the word "bitter"! When I drank herbal tea, I drank a sip, and suddenly I put in several pieces of Chenpi to suffer. Guangdong Yingchun Flower City, Guangzhou, is known as "Huacheng", and its annual Yingchun Flower Market has attracted much attention from the world. On the eve of the Spring Festival, the streets and alleys of Guangzhou are full of flowers and pots. The major parks hold the Spring Flower Show, especially the first three days before New Year's Eve. There are colorful buildings on the main streets of each district, arched with flower stands, and flowers farmers have poured in the four villages, setting up the formation, selling flowers and oranges, ten miles long streets, flowers like flowers, and people are like tide. It was only dispersed. This is the unique New Year's Eve market in Guangzhou. Guangzhou planting flowers as a industry, with a history of more than 100o years. As early as the Five Dynasties in the South Han Dynasty, there were many plain flowers fields in Zhuangtou Village, the south bank of the Pearl River. Kumquat symbolizes "Great Great". Similar to it, there are generations of fruit, which means that Fanchang is from generation to generation: bergamot fruit, like a palm, like a believer worship, elegant and solemn, and is deeply favored by good men and women. Every year at the beginning of the month, there are a large number of Narcissus heads transported from Zhangzhou, Fujian. After buying it back, people are carefully cultivated to control the flowering period by regulating water temperature and sunshine. The narcissus flower seems to be unsatisfactory. It is often opened in the sound of the firecrackers of the New Year's Eve, or the firecrackers of the first day of the first month. This scene brings endless fun to people. As the saying goes, "flowers bloom rich and wealthy" happened to take a good sign. Coupled with the beautiful appearance, sturdy shape, and aroma, everyone must be available. Of course, there are many folk customs and folk customs in Guangdong. For example: soup, lion dance, planting bamboo, and even some places there are dance cows ... The folk customs and folk customs in each place have different characteristics, waiting for us to discover it!
The country and regions in the world adopt the Gregorian calendar, which is set on January 1 as the beginning of the New Year and called New Year's Day. Celebrating the customs of the New Year, different countries and regions may be different in different periods. However, from a large perspective, the essence of the spirit of the old welcoming the new is the same. Anyone who does not need, wants to abandon, and wants to get rid of it is called the old. All yearning, hope, and longing are called new. At the beginning of the New Year, I hope to be a good start. In all parts of European countries, although the New Year is not as grand as Christmas, all kinds of celebrations still have their own characteristics and their own style.
Britable: On New Year's Eve, the British must have wine in the family and meat in the cabinet. They believe that without the remaining wine and meat, they will be poor in the coming year. In addition, the British "hit well" customs in the United Kingdom, people strive for the first to go to water, thinking that the first water -beaten person is a happy person, and the water comes is auspicious water.
France: The French believe that the weather on New Year's Day foreshadows the year of the new year: the breeze of the east, the harvest of the fruit; , The wind and rainy year; the north wind is owed to the year.
Spain: On New Year's Day, Spain's parents are particularly "kind". They will meet all the children's requirements and think that children scolding, fighting, and crying are ominous signs. At the same time, most Spanish people will carry a gold or copper coin for auspiciousness.
Belgium: The first thing the Belgian is going to do in the early morning of New Year's Day is to pay the New Year for the New Year, walking to the cattle, sheep and pet cats and dogs, and give them solemnly: Happy New Year!
In Germany: The Germans climbed on the chair on New Year's Eve and New Year's Eve, and when the bell rang, they jumped off the chair and threw a heavy object behind the chair to show the disaster , Jump into the New Year. In addition, they will put a few slices of fish scales in the money clip, because the fish scale is a new year mascot, indicating that the source of wealth is rolling.
Swiss: Swiss believes that snow is auspicious. In the new year, take some white snow from outside the house, turn into water, sprinkle the dust on the ground, and then clean.
Iticia: Italians have to throw the items that they do not need in the courtyard or simply throw it out of the wild on New Year's Eve. It is said that this will bring happiness to the family in the new year. In addition, people always tell the children about the fairy tale of the banshee, saying that this banshee secretly drilled into the house from the chimney, sending some gifts to the children, and put them in their shoes.
Swedish: New Year's Day, the youngest woman in the family, put on a plain white dress, a red ribbon with a waist, and a crown with a small candle, which is responsible for distributing food. Many people on the streets were selling little deer along the street, and firecrackers and fireworks were installed in the deer. Swedes like to buy this kind of deer to play.
Finnish: Girls always throw their shoes up on New Year's Eve. If the shoes are facing the door when the shoes fall, it indicates that the new year will be married.
The Turkish: On New Year's Eve, men, women, and children must bathe and put new clothes. In some places in Turkey, there is the habit of staying on New Year's Eve. People have eaten lunch on New Year's Eve, sorted out the family, and took the children to the pre -appointment.
The festivals of the Manchu people have their own national characteristics, and some of them have historical memories. Such as the most national tradition of the Golden Festival, Mid -Autumn Festival, February Erlong looked up. The Manchus is a nation that pays special attention to etiquette.
This Golden Festival
The the most national tradition of the Manchu festival is the Golden Festival, that is, the lunar calendar on October 10th. Due to October 13, 1635, Huang Taiji awarded the abolition of the old name of the female true name, and the Dingmang clan was the name of the family. Therefore, this day became the anniversary of the Manchu naming.
The Spring Festival
The first day of the first month of the old calendar, it is the first year, stop working, and celebrate together. Family do the couplet on the door, and hang red, yellow, blue, and white color notes according to the flags. At night, worship the gods and Buddhas and ancestors. Eat dumplings in a multi -faceted family. At the beginning of the morning, the children changed their clothes to put off firecrackers and bless each other.
The duan Boat Festival
Monetal on the fifth Duan Boat Festival on the fifth day of the old calendar each year. In the early morning of the day, every family got up early to the suburbs, and picked up Mushelia and folded willow branches. Insert at the head of the door. Eating glutinous rice cake. Wear incense bags and lotus bags. The child's neck and wrist are tied with five -color silk rope, wearing embroidered footwear and vests.
Mid -Autumn Festival
, also known as August 15th, the most round day of the moon in the year, also known as reunion festival. After the night, every family did not provide tables in the courtyard for melon and fruits, moon cakes.
Laba
laa is the eighth day of the day of the lunar calendar every year. Boil Laba porridge that day. It is mainly cooked by eight kinds of grain fruits such as yellow rice, rivers, mung beans, and red dates.
It other festivals and other festivals include February Erlong's head, Qingming Festival, Zhongyuan Festival, etc.
Themian of the Manchu people is flat, which is the hobby of the Manchu. Especially the Manchu people in the northeast province are beautiful from flat brains and bags. After the child was born, the mothers made small pillows with millet, tongs, etc., and let the child sleep on your back. In fact, our Han nationality also has this habit.
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The 56 ethnic customs in China
1. Mongolian: Mongolian Mongolians are mainly engaged in animal husbandry production, and some are also engaged in agriculture. In pastoral areas, the Mongolian people live in a round felt house, commonly known as the "Mongolian bag". The door of the Mongolian bag must be opened south, and the stove is located under the middle sunrors in the middle of the felt room. In the agricultural and pastoral areas, the Mongolian people live in bungalows, and there are soil in the room.
2. Hui people: In history, from birth, they must ask Ah to return to their names. When they get married, they ask Ah to prove marriage. After death, they are invited to preside over the funeral. They are affected by Islam in all aspects. Especially in terms of eating habits, returning to the people to avoid eating pork, not eating all the animals and self -dying animals, etc. (For the convenience of religious activities and living customs, the return of the people is used to the "worship temple" in the residence, and in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties It is collectively referred to as the mosque and live in Duowei Temple. In the diet, the Hui people generally eat cow, sheep, camel and other anti -ravioli ranges. Animals. Especially fasting pork. The Hui people pay attention to diet hygiene and pay attention to showering and washing. Entering the clean and neat houses of the Hui people in the countryside, a water can often be seen on the beam of the door. People often bathe in a large place. Usually wash and wash their hands, use soup bottle instead of a washbasin. The soup bottle is also known as the pot laundering. It was first introduced from Arabia. There are "soup bottle" halal wooden cards, and some are still "Fan F" Fan Fed "Tiger Picture White" stick or Avin's "halal" to show that this is an authentic Islamic culture. The Eid and Gurbang Festival, originally Islamic. The fasting is one of the "five skills" of Muslims. The Eid of Eid is the day when the fasting period is expired. Generally, the fasting and fasting period expires in the ninth month of the return calendar. Eid. On the 70th day after Eid, the Gurbon Festival was held on December 10th. Because December 10th is the last day of teaching to go to the Macca Chao, everyone slaughtered cattle and sheep celebrations, dinner together. R n. Tibetan mainly lives in Tibet Autonomous Region and Tibetan autonomous prefectures such as Haibei, Huangnan, Guoluo, Yushu, and Haixi Mongolian, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu, Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Sichuan Aba Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture , Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Tibetan Tibetan Autonomous County, Tibetan Autonomous County, and Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan. Boots.
4. Miao men generally wear pairing or left large short clothes, trousers underneath, big belt, and green long towels. Most women wear big collar short clothes and pleated skirts. Miao people in the mountains. Most of the residential buildings are "hanging foot buildings". It is supported by the natural terrain of the hillside. The support of longer and shorter wooden stakes is erected below and above, and the building is paved on the pile. Guanjia livestock.
5. The Achang people wearing blue, white or black plackets, black pants, and left large placket tops. The tea altar is prevalent in the etiquette of the hospitality. This is a kind of pottery appliance for tea. When you go to the Achang family, the owner will first take out the jug to pour a small cup of wine to wash the dust, and then take out the tea altar. Put the tea leaves, pour boiling water, put it on the charcoal fire for a while, and pour it into the tea cup after cooking. , I am used to pressing my right hand in the center of the front chest, and then Lead forward and ask in a row. The visitors at home are enthusiastically entertaining. Uyghur people are a nation that can sing and dance.
7. Kazakh men and women are good at ride. Young men like wrestling and tricky sheep. Whenever festivals and festivals, shepherds will hold various riding performances and competitions; "girls chase" are young people's favorite entertainment projects.
8. The traditional costumes of Korgiz are very particular. Men like to wear felt hats, round neck shirts with white embroidered lace, black and blue "袷袢" in winter, wide pants, and high boots.
9. Walls around the villages of the Xibo people. Avoid dog meat.
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10. The traditional costumes of the Uzbek tribe are characterized by all kinds of small flower hats.
11. The Tajik family is generally three generations of the same hall, and men are the master of the family.
12. In order to prevent the deterioration of food, each warehouse or in the courtyard is dug a deep pit. In the summer, it is easy to rot food and put it in snow and ice in winter. ", The Tatal people in the pastoral area adapt to nomadic life and live in tents.
13. The biggest festival of the Daur tribe is the Spring Festival. On the 30th of the lunar month, we will worship the ancestors and grave, and play overnight at night. pay a New Year call.
14. The Manchu people believe in Shamanism very early. Whenever they worship their ancestors and sacrifice, they must wear a god hat, wear skirts, tie waist bells, swollen and dance, and pray while jumping. The Manchu people are reunited. For a period of time, the juniors have three days and a little gift to the elderly, a gift for five days; three days see the elders who want to ask for, and see the elders for five days to "play a thousand."
15. The traditional foods of Korean people include cold noodles, kimchi and cakes.
16. The Zhuang people like to eat pickled sour foods, with sashimi as a dish. Women have the habit of chewing betel nut.
17. The Yi man usually wore a black narrow -sleeved right diagonal shirt and polymer wide trousers, and packed with a few feet long green cloth. The woman's head is wrapped in Baotou, with a waist and belt. When men and women go out, they all wear "Wipe Elva", shaped like capes, and have long ears. The traditional festival of the Yi nationality is the most solemn with a torch festival. Silver jewelry such as items, hands, foot circles. Men wear the right plagiard and multi -button. The clothing is mostly used for soil cloth or linen, and the history books are called creek cloth and 峒 cloth.
19. Buyi: Men are mostly wearing multi -plackets or gown, blue or white or white blue square scarf. Most women wear right big plackets and trousers, or inlaid with lace gown, or embroidered waist, and also wearing large -collars and short jackets, with waxy pleated skirts. During the festival, women also wore various silver jewelry. Laran was a precious handicraft of the Buyi people.
. The Dai nationality: The Drum Tower is a unique building in the Dai Village, which looks like a pagoda. It is a place for villagers' gatherings, rest and entertainment. There are drum buildings in each village, and some are as high as 13 floors, which are quite spectacular. On the New Year's Eve, the people of the Dai people lived in the square in front of the Drum Tower to sing and dance.
1. Bai's clothing is mainly blue, white, and black. They like to eat sour, cold, spicy food, and also like to drink tea. The Bai people believe in Buddhism, and the temples of Erhai Lake are allocated.
2. Most Hani people believe in worship of many gods and worship of their ancestors, and use "Dragon Tree" as protecting God. The knotted ropes were used as ledger, which was treasured by Hannians in the safest place at home. In 1957, the Hani nationality created text based on Latin letters.
3. The Li nationality lives in the "End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End of the End." This is a nation that can sing and dance. Qianling double -sword dance, firewood dance, and rice dance have a unique ethnic style.
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24. The clothes of the alpine tribe are mainly made of hemp cloth and cotton cloth. Generally men wear shawls, vests, short gowns, shorts. Women wearing short shirts, apron, and tilted shirts under the shoulder to the armpit, stabbed tattoos on the clothes, and wear decorations made of shells and beast bones. The people of Takayama can sing and dance, and are good at sculpting and painting.
25. Naxi funerals are generally burial. In traditional festivals, the larger on February 8th festivals and torch festivals.
26. The most representative of aquarium clothing is women's clothing. The top is a tight narrow long -sleeved right placket, with a lace on the edge of the placket, which is similar to the "sisters" of the Han nationality, but the sleeves are long and narrow. Short and tightly distinguish between the "sisters" of the Han nationality.
7. Yao Yao young men and women are more free before marriage. Steaks generally appear in festivals and marriage activities. Young men and women in the farmer season or relatives must also perform their singing activities.
8. The traditional festival of the Laupu nationality is the "Gourd Festival" of the 15th to 17th of each year of the lunar calendar. During the moon, the grains were "tasted new festivals".
9. Some social morality that the Lang people have complied with generations. Here, the ideal social situation of the night that the night is not closed for Taoist Lao Tzu is a behavior that has long been deeply integrated into the blood of the people. Code. There are two main contents of the activity of the knife festival, one is "down the sea of fire", and the other is "upper knife mountain".
30. Nu clan: The village is mostly distributed on the mountainside platform on both sides of the Nujiang River. Lengfang, Qianfeng floor -to -ceiling houses, etc., the roof house of Shi Shi is a characteristic house built with special stone resources in the region. The diet of the Nu family is relatively simple, but there are also unique flavors such as self -brewing, "chivalry", slate, lacquer tea and other unique flavors. National characteristic food.
31. The Brown people like bamboo rice rice and various non -staple foods, vegetables, meat. Food stacks, all kinds of southern and sour tea made by unique methods. All kinds of insects in it.
32. Hezhe people -New Year's Eve, everyone is busy making New Year's meals, cutting window flowers, paste lanterns. On the first day, girls, women and children put on new clothes with embroidered clouds, go Relatives and relatives pay the New Year, and use the "fish banquet" to wait for guests. There are hot and sour flavors of raw fish, "fried fish hair" with crispy flavor and crispy flavor. Folk poets presented poetry and storytelling to people. Women play "Touch "Blind", "Throwing Bone". Young people play skiing, skating, grass targets, fork and grass balls and other competitions.
33. Olechun people -New Year's Eve, the whole family sits, dinner together. Drink wine and eat New Year. Young people salute the family and close relatives, and invite the head. In midnight, people hold the birch bark box or iron box around the horse for several laps, and pray for the prosperity of the six animals. Young men and women gathered together to switch to collective dance. There are hunting dance, "red fruit" dance, "black bear fighting" dance. Wearing pants "and" dressing in skirts ".
35. There are more paintings and sculptures in the Dai people. Although relatively rough, it is full of early human aesthetic ideals. Painting is found on the wall of the big houses, and uses it. Use it. Carbon black, lime, beef blood paint, patterns include animals, characters, and landscapes. The painting method is rough and concise. The style is similar to the Cangyuan cliff paintings that have been found in the Dai area for more than 3,000 years. Most of them are placed on the door of the door and village piles.
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36. The Beijing family -must be worshiped by the first day of the good candle, called "buy new water", Tibetan women in the beginning One day is not bright, and you must memorize the "auspicious water" from the river. It is believed that the new water of the first year can bring the gospel and good luck, and to protect the auspiciousness for one year.
During the Spring Festival, fighting the earth to show the love of raising your own land.
38. The Qiang nationality -each household must make all kinds of fried flour calfs, lambs, chicks and other sacrifices, It is used to sacrifice the ancestors and the gods. You have to drink wine for the New Year. r n 39. Jing Po clan -held a "target" competition during the Spring Festival. In the early morning of the morning, people gathered on the field. The girls hung their embroidered lotus bags on the top of the bamboo pole. The scorer shot the thin lines of the crane bag as a gunner, and the girls rewarded the gunner a bowl of sweet rice wine.
40. The uniqueness of the Dion women's clothing is decorated with "vine wrapped waist".
41. The customs and habits of the security people are obviously bound by Islamic trainers. Marriage is selected in "Lord Ma Day".
42. The "Schang Festival" of the Tattar tribe, also known as "Plide"
43. The Cirkiz: The biggest festival in the year of the Kurkiz is the Norizi Festival. There are also part of the belief Lama religion.
44. Many traditional festivals of the Tajik nationality are basically the same as the local Uighurs, Uzbek, and Korkizi people.
45. The general believers of the Jingpo family are primitive, and some people believe in Christianity.
46. The Dulong people have the habit of eating two meals a day. Caqua wow is held one day of the winter month (different time in various places). The length of the holidays is often determined by the amount of food preparation
47. The customs of the Russian Russians are basically the same as the Russian Russia in Russia. Essence
48. The Yugu people are mainly animal husbandry. In the past, not only did they live in felt tents, clothes, shoes and socks, meat and milk they were eaten, and most of the utensils used in production and life were also made of fur. Now, some people have changed to agricultural production. The Yugu people mainly believe in the Lama Enthusiastic Gelug (Huang religion).
49. The taboos of the Sara tribe are: Avoid eating pork, dog meat, donkey meat, meat meat, and blood of dead livestock poultry meat and animals; Mosque;
50. The Gelao people are ancient Chinese "bureaucrats". The Gelao people like to eat spicy food. There are many ways to eat. Therefore, the Xibo people enjoys the reputation of the "archery nation". They can sing and dance.
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52. Laju belief in Mahayana Buddhism and Christianity. Folk literature is also extremely rich. Traditional musical instruments include "Lusheng" and "Three Strings". In addition to planting grain, the Lapa people also vigorously plant sugar cane, tea, coffee, and rubber. Founded ironmaking, agricultural machinery, mining, etc. Among them, Lancang Leading Mine is a well -known large enterprise in the province.
53. The Kano family is sincere. In the folk, the custom of "eating and eating", that is, after capturing the prey, anyone who sees the capture can be divided into one. You can eat until you finish. The same is true of drinking. As long as the guests do not put a cup, the owner must accompany it to the end.
54. The Luoba nationality: Luoba, the Tibetan name to them, means southerners. Believe in witch education. Mainly engaged in agriculture, also hunted, good at archery.
55. Dai nationality: When there are guests to the door, they must first pay tea, and usually drink two. There is a saying: "Drinking a bowl of tea is ruthless tea." There is also a saying: "One bowl of bitter, two bowls, and three bowls of washing their mouths." As long as the guests take the master's tea, they must drink a second bowl. If the guests are thirsty, they can be explained in advance until they are satisfied. If the coming is a female guest, the owner will also put snacks such as melon seeds, peanuts, fried beans.
56. The Han nationality has different styles due to different regions. The Han nationality living in the North China Plain is mostly bungalows with brick and wood structures, and the courtyard is mostly courtyard -style, represented by Beijing Courtyard. The houses there are generally thick, mainly to keep warm; the Han people living in northern Shaanxi, based on the thick soil layer of the Loess Plateau and the low groundwater level, digging caves as housing. Area; Han people living in the south, their traditional houses are mainly wooden houses, and they pay attention to the structure of the eaves and the law. Due to the different customs and natural conditions in the south, there are also differences in housing building layout. For example, the buildings of the hills and mountains are built in the mountains, while the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Water Village pays attention to the front street and the river. The Tulou in Fujian is huge and beautiful, and the pavilion in Suzhou is small and beautiful. Regardless of the Han nationality in the south or the north, the common characteristics of its traditional residences are north and south, paying attention to indoor lighting; bearing wooden beams, brick, stone, and soil -building walls; centered on the hall house, carved beams and paintings, decorative roofs, eaves and mouth mouths See
The last night of the lunar calendar year. Except for the old cloth. On the last day of one year, it is called "years old", and that night is called "New Year's Eve". New Year's Eve people often sleep overnight, called Shou Sui. Su Shi has "Shou Sui": "Children do not sleep, and stay at the night." There is a legend about the origin of New Year's Eve: it was a fierce monster in ancient times, and our ancestors had suffered this most fierce beast. Threat, it comes out at the end of the year. Later, people discovered that they were afraid of three things, red colors, fire light, and sounds. So in the winter, people hung red peach boards on their own door, burned the fire at the door, and did not sleep overnight at night. On this night, "Xi" broke into the village, saw that every family had red and fire, heard the sound of the earthquake, scared back to the mountains, and never dared to come out again. The night passed, and people congratulated each other. Everyone opened the lights, drank banquets, and celebrated victory. So in the evening of the 30th, every family posted a red spring couplet and set off firecrackers to drive the New Year's Eve beast. In order to seek a new year of peace. This custom has been passed down from here, and it is called New Year's Eve. New Year's Eve is one of the most important years of customs. The earliest records were found in the "Turks" at the Western Jin Dynasty: New Year's Eve, each phase and gift, called "feedback"; invited wine and food, called "do not age"; "Divide the age"; everyone does not sleep all night, so as to wait for the sky, it is called "Shou Sui".
"Doubles in one night, five more days, two days." On New Year's Eve, the whole family was reunited, had dinner, ordered candles or oil lamps, chatted next to the stove, waiting for the time to quit the old and welcomed the new, overnight The night guarding is a symbol of running away all the evil plague disease photos, looking forward to the new year's auspiciousness. This custom was gradually prevalent. By the early Tang Dynasty, Tang Taizong Li Shimin wrote a poem "Shou Sui": "The cold resign from winter snow and warm the spring breeze." To this day, people are still used to welcoming the new year on New Year's Eve. In ancient times, there were two meanings: the elderly guarded the old age as "resigning the old age", which had the meaning of cherishing time; young people guarded the year to extend their parents' life. Since the Han Dynasty, the old and new year alternately are generally midnight.
Wefs are not the same: there are such legends in rural Yunnan: children at 30 years. grown ups. Essence Those who can't sleep, that is, everyone can't sleep all night, so as to wait for the sky, it is called "Shou Sui". The difference is why you can't sleep? Adults usually say to children: If you fall asleep the second year of the field, you will fall. Essence Let the sleeping people repair it! It seems that if you don't sleep, you won't fall if you don't sleep! (Yunnan Customs)
The Chinese folk has a "open door firecracker". That is, when the new year arrives, the first thing that every family opens the door is to set up firecrackers, and to welcomes the new with the sound of the firecrackers of beeping. Firecrackers are Chinese specialty products, also known as "explosive battles", "artillery battles", "firecrackers". Its origin is very early, and it has a history of more than 2,000 years. Fleeping bamboo can create a festive and lively atmosphere. It is a kind of entertainment activity of festivals, which can bring joy and auspiciousness to people. Over time, the application of firecrackers is becoming more and more widely used, and there are many varieties of flowers. Every major holiday and happy event celebrations, and marriage, house construction, opening, etc., the firecrackers must be set up to celebrate the celebration and auspicious. Now, Liuyang, Hunan, Foshan and Dongyao, Guangdong, Yichun and Pingxiang in Jiangxi, and Wenzhou, Zhejiang are the famous hometown of flowers in China. They have a lot of popcorn and high quality, which not only sells well, but also sells the world.
In ancient agricultural society, about the eighth day of the lunar month, housewives have been busy with Zhang Luo's food for the New Year. Because of the long time of pickled waxy flavor, it is necessary to prepare as soon as possible. Many provinces in my country have the custom of pickling waxy flavor, and the flavor of the Lami of Guangdong Province is the most famous.
steaming rice cakes, rice cakes because of the "high year", coupled with a variety of flavors, have almost become a must -have food for every family. The patterns of rice cakes have block -like yellow and old cakes, which symbolize gold and silver, and send the meaning of making a fortune in the New Year.
The taste of the year varies from place to place. Beijingers prefer the red dates, Park fruit rice cakes and Beltas cakes made of Jiangmi or yellow rice. People from Hebei like to add jujube, small red beans and mung beans to rice cakes. In north of Shanxi, in Inner Mongolia and other places, during the Chinese New Year, they are used to eating yellow rice noodles and fried rice cakes. The rice cake in the north is mainly sweet, or steamed or fried, and some people simply eat sugar. The rice cakes in the south are sweet and salty. For example, the rice cakes in Suzhou and Ningbo are made of japonica rice. In addition to steaming and frying, you can also sliced and fried or boiled soup. The sweet rice cakes are glutinous rice flour and white sugar, lard, rose, osmanthus, mint, Su Rong and other ingredients. The workmanship is fine and can be steamed directly or fried with egg white.
The night before the Chinese New Year is called reunion night, the travelers who are away from home are not far away, and the whole family must sit around and make dumplings together for the New Year. The method of dumplings is to make dumplings with noodles first. Skin, and then fill the stuffing with leather. The content of the filling is diverse. Various meats, eggs, seafood, seasonal vegetables can be entered. Orthodox dumplings are cooked in water. The soy sauce of the last and sesame oil is eaten with condiments. There are also ways to fried dumplings, babble dumplings (pot stickers) and so on. Because the word "harmony" of the noodles means "combination"; the "dumplings" and "intercourse" harmonics of dumplings, "combination" and "intercourse" have the meaning of gathering together, so use dumplings to symbolize the gathering of gatherings; The meaning of Jiaizi is very auspicious; in addition, dumplings are like ingots, and eating dumplings during the New Year also have the auspicious meaning of "recruiting wealth into treasure". The family gathered together to make dumplings.
The origin of the Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is the most distinctive traditional festival in China. It marks the end of the old lunar calendar.
The original name of the Spring Festival "New Year's Day", Du Taiqing in the Sui Dynasty said in the "Five Candle Treasures": "The first month is Duanyue, one day is the Yuan Dynasty, the Yunzheng Dynasty, and Yun Yuanshuo." The original meaning is "head", and later extended to "start", because this day is the first day of one year, the first day of spring, the first day of the first month, so it is called "three yuan"; because this day is still the age of The dynasty, the dynasty, is also known as the "three dynasties"; and because it is the first day, it is also called "Yuan Shuo". Song Wu Zimu explained in "Dream Liang Lu": "The first month is the day, it is called New Year's Day." The interpretation of the word "Dan" in "Said the Words" is "see one from the day, one, and the place." It means that the sun has just risen from the horizon, which means morning. Because it represents the first morning of the year and the first morning of the first month, it is called "New Year's Day" and "Zhengdan".
The season of New Year's Day is also different due to the different generations of the dynasties. The ancient Chinese calendar is the joint calendar of the yin and yang. It is necessary to consider the position of the sun and the moon at the same time. Therefore, when it is determined, it is necessary to first determine that it is in a certain season, and then select the Shouyue that is similar to this season as New Year's Day. Because the one -year -old and 12 lunar calendars are not equal to each other, the difference is about 11 days, so a leap month is required to adjust the season every three years. The ancient astronomers in China have thought of a simple way to judge the relationship between the monthly sequence and season. From the north to east, the ground is divided into 12 positions. The orientation of the fighting handle referred to in the evening is the monthly construction of the month. Essence
This is an ancient multi -ethnic country. Different ethnic groups in different historical periods once determined their New Year's Day based on their cultural traditions and customs, that is, to be changed to "Zhengshuo", and the time of the first day of the month. Emperor Emperor and Xia Dai are based on Meng Chun's first month. Even if Jianyin's summer calendar, the first day of the first day of the lunar calendar is the New Year's Day; Jianzhengzi is the New Year's Day on the first day of November of the lunar calendar; the Qin Dynasty used the Qin calendar, the Qin calendar was built, and the New Year's Day was on the first day of the lunar calendar. Sima Qian and Luo Shima created too early calendar, and re -used Jianyin's summer calendar, with the first day of the first day of the lunar calendar. In the future, except for Wang Mang and Emperor Wei Ming, they used the ugly Yinli, and Tang Wuhou and Su Zongshi switched to Jianzi's weekly calendar, and each dynasty used the summer calendar to the end of the Qing Dynasty.
The word "Spring Festival" has different special refers in different historical periods. During the Han Dynasty, people called the first spring of the twenty -four solar terms. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people called the whole spring "Spring Festival".
In after the victory of the 1911 Revolution, the Nanjing Interim Government stipulated that the summer calendar in the people, in order to "follow the agricultural time" and "easy statistics", and implement the Gregorian calendar in government agencies, factories, mines, schools and groups. New Year. However, most people call the Gregorian January 1st as the "Lord of the solar calendar", and it is still called "New Year's Day" on the first day of the first day of the lunar month. On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference passed the Gregorian calendar in the world, and the Gregorian calendar was the New Year's Day of January, as the New Year; Before and after the beginning of the spring, the first month of the lunar calendar must be "Spring Festival". The Spring Festival generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month. However, in the folk, the Spring Festival in the traditional sense refers to the dwarfs of the eighth day of the lunar month or the sacrifice of the 23rd of the lunar month until the fifteenth day of the first month, among which the first day of the New Year and the first month of the first month is the climax.
During the traditional festival of the Spring Festival, the Han and most ethnic minorities in our country had various activities to celebrate. These activities are the main contents of worshiping gods and Buddhas, sacrificing their ancestors, removing the old cloth, welcoming the blessing, and praying for the prosperity. The activities are colorful and have strong national characteristics.
Taohuayuan took over the top five streams, and the lower Wuling was legend. They work on their own in this isolated place, breed their children and grandchildren, and become a feng shui. So far, the folk customs of the ancient flutter still show her past feelings as a blessed land.
The peach blossom source has the Qin people cave, and there is a village named Sanhe Village in the Qinren Cave. There are dozens of households in Sanhe Village. Most of them are surnamed Qin, so the village is also called Qinren Village. Are these villagers surnamed Qin who are descendants of the ancient Qin people who entered the cave to avoid chaos? No one can do specific research. Anyway, a "Qin" character runs ancient and modern. Their clothing, food, housing and transportation customs are indeed different from today's modern society.
clothes: The people's clothing here was all weaving soil. Each family has a spinning vehicle, weaving machine, self -produced cotton, and self -woven. The weaving soil cloth is dyed with plant dyes or blue or gray or purple. Most of the clothes are made of their own, and the dyed soil cloth is cut into slices, and it is hand -connected by hand. There are also tailors of on -site clothes, a gray bag, a few needles, a few necklines, and a pair of raw iron irons with small aluminum pot today are all their tools. The style of the clothes is a man's seal. The woman is a large piece of clothing, a colorful cloth buckle, the pants are all big crotch pants, the waist of 4 feet of large pants, copy a fold in front of the belly, and then tie the cloth belt. Nowadays, the clothes of young people in the village are almost the same as outsiders, but many elderly people are still wearing pairs, large clothes, and crotch pants. However, the fabric of the elderly's clothes is no longer weaving, but to choose from the market. Go to the village to find wooden cars and weaving. Although these are idle, they also show history. Even today, a sewing machine is generally used, there is still a tailor tailor in the village.
The food: Of course, the staple rice is the same as the villagers outside the cave. The "food" referred to here is a tool for processing rice. Qin entered the villagers in the village. The tools for processing rice were discs, stone, and windmills. The plate is round, with two upper and lower fans. The lower fan is fixed on the wooden frame, and there is a hard wood shaft in the middle. The upper and lower friction surfaces are regularly embedded with many hardwood slices as teeth, and the teeth are rammed to fix the teeth between the teeth. The role of the plate is to remove the shell to the thick shell. When processing with a dish, pile the rice shells in the capsule of the upper shell, push the upper fan with manpower, friction of the rice shell through wood tooth tooth, and sprinkle the coarse -shell brown rice from the gap between the top and bottom surface. Brown rice becomes cooked rice after being processed by Shijia. Most of the rice that villagers eat today are machine processing, but there are still workshops in the village that can process rice for villagers. Indeed, some villagers originally used mules and stone piles to process rice in the workshop. They (especially the elderly) believed that this was softest than machine processing rice flavor.
Line: The former villagers' houses were full of bamboo fence huts. The huts are built around the mountains, and each independent is indeed "two chickens and dogs." The house is simple in the house. The stone plate is a stool, the wooden board is fighting as the bed. Today, the hut is replaced by the wooden house. The wooden houses are all small green tiles and white powder walls, and they still have ancient heritage. Although every family has a TV and refrigerators, the dissected reed scoop is the same.
: Although the Qinren Village is close to the national road, the village does not connect the roads. These 阡 Mo on the pastoral transportation and pastoral on the countryside is not said to be superior to cement and asphalt roads, but there are indeed there are also there are also there is Its advantages. It shows the green taste and dirt and moisture of the grass, and the barefoot steps on it to make people feel warm, and it makes people feel the beating of the earth's pulse.
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"Different winds, different customs of thousands of miles". Each place has different characteristics. Today, let me take everyone into the Guangdong Folk Folk Customs Grand View Garden! Herbal tea Cantonese loves to drink herbal tea. It believes that herbal tea is a body insurance company. If you have sick clothes, you can cure diseases. If an adult does not drink a few cups of herbal tea within a month (mostly Wang Laoji), infants and young children do not accept seven-star tea once for 2-3 days, they think that physical health is not guaranteed. The root water of bamboo cane is one of the herbal tea in Guangdong. The commonly used Wuhua tea, Xia Sangju, Wang Laoji and other herbal tea are composed of drugs of cold and cold. It is suitable for stagnation such as colds and headaches and fever. Among them, Wang Laoji's medicine is the coldest, and the five -flowering tea and Xia Sangju are relatively peaceful. Children's Qixing Tea is composed of a drug with a sweet and cold cold current. It is suitable for those who are strong in constitution, have always been strong, often swollen and sore throat, dry stool, red tongue and yellow greasy tongue. However, the only outsiders who drink herbal tea are the word "bitter"! When I drank herbal tea, I drank a sip, and suddenly I put in several pieces of Chenpi to suffer. Guangdong Yingchun Flower City, Guangzhou, is known as "Huacheng", and its annual Yingchun Flower Market has attracted much attention from the world. On the eve of the Spring Festival, the streets and alleys of Guangzhou are full of flowers and pots. The major parks hold the Spring Flower Show, especially the first three days before New Year's Eve. There are colorful buildings on the main streets of each district, arched with flower stands, and flowers farmers have poured in the four villages, setting up the formation, selling flowers and oranges, ten miles long streets, flowers like flowers, and people are like tide. It was only dispersed. This is the unique New Year's Eve market in Guangzhou. Guangzhou planting flowers as a industry, with a history of more than 100o years. As early as the Five Dynasties in the South Han Dynasty, there were many plain flowers fields in Zhuangtou Village, the south bank of the Pearl River. Kumquat symbolizes "Great Great". Similar to it, there are generations of fruit, which means that Fanchang is from generation to generation: bergamot fruit, like a palm, like a believer worship, elegant and solemn, and is deeply favored by good men and women. Every year at the beginning of the month, there are a large number of Narcissus heads transported from Zhangzhou, Fujian. After buying it back, people are carefully cultivated to control the flowering period by regulating water temperature and sunshine. The narcissus flower seems to be unsatisfactory. It is often opened in the sound of the firecrackers of the New Year's Eve, or the firecrackers of the first day of the first month. This scene brings endless fun to people. As the saying goes, "flowers bloom rich and wealthy" happened to take a good sign. Coupled with the beautiful appearance, sturdy shape, and aroma, everyone must be available. Of course, there are many folk customs and folk customs in Guangdong. For example: soup, lion dance, planting bamboo, and even some places there are dance cows ... The folk customs and folk customs in each place have different characteristics, waiting for us to discover it!
The New Year Customs of European countries
The country and regions in the world adopt the Gregorian calendar, which is set on January 1 as the beginning of the New Year and called New Year's Day. Celebrating the customs of the New Year, different countries and regions may be different in different periods. However, from a large perspective, the essence of the spirit of the old welcoming the new is the same. Anyone who does not need, wants to abandon, and wants to get rid of it is called the old. All yearning, hope, and longing are called new. At the beginning of the New Year, I hope to be a good start. In all parts of European countries, although the New Year is not as grand as Christmas, all kinds of celebrations still have their own characteristics and their own style.
Britable: On New Year's Eve, the British must have wine in the family and meat in the cabinet. They believe that without the remaining wine and meat, they will be poor in the coming year. In addition, the British "hit well" customs in the United Kingdom, people strive for the first to go to water, thinking that the first water -beaten person is a happy person, and the water comes is auspicious water.
France: The French believe that the weather on New Year's Day foreshadows the year of the new year: the breeze of the east, the harvest of the fruit; , The wind and rainy year; the north wind is owed to the year.
Spain: On New Year's Day, Spain's parents are particularly "kind". They will meet all the children's requirements and think that children scolding, fighting, and crying are ominous signs. At the same time, most Spanish people will carry a gold or copper coin for auspiciousness.
Belgium: The first thing the Belgian is going to do in the early morning of New Year's Day is to pay the New Year for the New Year, walking to the cattle, sheep and pet cats and dogs, and give them solemnly: Happy New Year!
In Germany: The Germans climbed on the chair on New Year's Eve and New Year's Eve, and when the bell rang, they jumped off the chair and threw a heavy object behind the chair to show the disaster , Jump into the New Year. In addition, they will put a few slices of fish scales in the money clip, because the fish scale is a new year mascot, indicating that the source of wealth is rolling.
Swiss: Swiss believes that snow is auspicious. In the new year, take some white snow from outside the house, turn into water, sprinkle the dust on the ground, and then clean.
Iticia: Italians have to throw the items that they do not need in the courtyard or simply throw it out of the wild on New Year's Eve. It is said that this will bring happiness to the family in the new year. In addition, people always tell the children about the fairy tale of the banshee, saying that this banshee secretly drilled into the house from the chimney, sending some gifts to the children, and put them in their shoes.
Swedish: New Year's Day, the youngest woman in the family, put on a plain white dress, a red ribbon with a waist, and a crown with a small candle, which is responsible for distributing food. Many people on the streets were selling little deer along the street, and firecrackers and fireworks were installed in the deer. Swedes like to buy this kind of deer to play.
Finnish: Girls always throw their shoes up on New Year's Eve. If the shoes are facing the door when the shoes fall, it indicates that the new year will be married.
The Turkish: On New Year's Eve, men, women, and children must bathe and put new clothes. In some places in Turkey, there is the habit of staying on New Year's Eve. People have eaten lunch on New Year's Eve, sorted out the family, and took the children to the pre -appointment.
The festivals of the Manchu people have their own national characteristics, and some of them have historical memories. Such as the most national tradition of the Golden Festival, Mid -Autumn Festival, February Erlong looked up. The Manchus is a nation that pays special attention to etiquette.
This Golden Festival
The the most national tradition of the Manchu festival is the Golden Festival, that is, the lunar calendar on October 10th. Due to October 13, 1635, Huang Taiji awarded the abolition of the old name of the female true name, and the Dingmang clan was the name of the family. Therefore, this day became the anniversary of the Manchu naming.
The Spring Festival
The first day of the first month of the old calendar, it is the first year, stop working, and celebrate together. Family do the couplet on the door, and hang red, yellow, blue, and white color notes according to the flags. At night, worship the gods and Buddhas and ancestors. Eat dumplings in a multi -faceted family. At the beginning of the morning, the children changed their clothes to put off firecrackers and bless each other.
The duan Boat Festival
Monetal on the fifth Duan Boat Festival on the fifth day of the old calendar each year. In the early morning of the day, every family got up early to the suburbs, and picked up Mushelia and folded willow branches. Insert at the head of the door. Eating glutinous rice cake. Wear incense bags and lotus bags. The child's neck and wrist are tied with five -color silk rope, wearing embroidered footwear and vests.
Mid -Autumn Festival
, also known as August 15th, the most round day of the moon in the year, also known as reunion festival. After the night, every family did not provide tables in the courtyard for melon and fruits, moon cakes.
Laba
laa is the eighth day of the day of the lunar calendar every year. Boil Laba porridge that day. It is mainly cooked by eight kinds of grain fruits such as yellow rice, rivers, mung beans, and red dates.
It other festivals and other festivals include February Erlong's head, Qingming Festival, Zhongyuan Festival, etc.
Themian of the Manchu people is flat, which is the hobby of the Manchu. Especially the Manchu people in the northeast province are beautiful from flat brains and bags. After the child was born, the mothers made small pillows with millet, tongs, etc., and let the child sleep on your back. In fact, our Han nationality also has this habit.